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肾衰竭

常见肾脏病

糖尿病肾病

许多长期糖尿病患者都患上糖尿病肾病, 尤其是无法控制糖尿病病情的病患。 糖尿病会导致身体的血管损坏, 包括肾脏。 糖尿病肾病的患者包括第一及第二类型的糖尿病患者。 糖尿病患者是否患有高血压是预测他们患上糖尿病肾病的一个强指标。 若病患患有肾病, 不受控制的血压会加剧及加速肾病的进展, 导致末期肾病。 那些有家族病史的人患有肾病的风险就会较高。 糖尿病肾病在许多发展国家, 包括新加坡, 是末期肾病的主因。

症状

体虚、贫血、
脸色苍白

脚肿

发痒

恶心、呕吐

尿液中含蛋白质

体重突然下降

高血压肾病

肾脏在维持血压中有重要作用。 肾脏病可能会影响肾脏的功能, 损害这个平衡 (控制), 导致血压升高。 反之, 高血压会导致肾衰竭。 它是许多国家肾衰竭的主要原因之一。 长时间不控制好血压会导致肾衰竭。 高血压可导致肾功能衰竭, 或可能加重现有的肾脏病。

如果血压不加控制, 会导致一个人的身体状况更早进展至终末期肾衰竭。 高血压对心血管系统有明显的影响, 导致血管收缩和增厚。 它也会扩大心脏, 使其慢性减弱。 原发性高血压是相当常见的, 可能很长一段时间都不会出现症状。 其原因是没有定义, 但肯定是多因素的。

症状

头痛

头晕(有时与姿势相关)

体虚、贫血、
脸色苍白

颈部不适

恶心和/或呕吐

肾小球肾炎

肾小球是肾脏过滤头。 连接至每个肾小球是一个微小的管 (小管)。 这些肾小球和肾小管的单位称为肾单位。 肾小球肾炎是影响肾小球发炎的主要状况。 长期的疾病通常会导致末期肾病。

导致肾小球肾炎的状况有几种。其中是普遍的免疫球蛋白肾病。 通常存在的抗体 (免疫球蛋白) 沉积在肾小球里,导致发炎。 至今仍无法确定为什么会有人患上这个病。 免疫球蛋白肾病通常是长期的, 结果也是因人而异。 有许多病患会因而患上末期肾病, 但也有病患即使在一段时间, 仍保有相当完整的肾功能。

在许多贫困社区, 感染细菌 (链球菌) 仍是普遍现象。 它可引起链球菌感染后的肾炎。 这通常发生在低于10岁的孩子, 但可以影响所有年龄组。 尽管大多数情况下会恢复, 有一些情况下, 这将导致永久性的损坏。 许多其他形式的感染, 如HIV, 肝炎和细菌性心内膜炎 (心脏的组织感染) 可导致肾小球肾炎。 自身免疫性疾病也可以引起肾炎。

在自身免疫性疾病, 患者的免疫系统不能区分自己和“外来”的环境, 并攻击身体本身 (自动) 的抗体。 这通常是不只是局限于肾脏而会影响身体 (全身) 的许多器官的疾病。 其中一个例子是狼疮肾炎 (如系统性红斑狼疮的一部分)。

症状

尿液中含血液

尿液中含有泡泡
(蛋白质)

深色或粉红色
的尿液

尿液量下降

肿胀

恶心和/或呕吐

多囊肾病

多囊性肾脏病是成人肾功能衰竭最常见的遗传性原因。 它是遗传性的, 有2种形式 - 显性和隐性。

这种遗传缺陷导致多发囊肿的发展来自肾单位。 囊肿带有异常的囊液。 肾囊肿最终会替代正常肾组织和患有肾衰竭的人。囊肿也发展在肝脏和胰腺中。

症状

腹部(后外侧)
和背部钝痛

尿液中含血液

经常有尿道感染

上腹部不适
(肝、胰腺囊肿)

高血压

肾结石

肾结石是痛苦的泌尿系统疾病。 肾结石开始是从尿中析出的盐/化学晶体。 正常情况下, 尿液中含有防止结晶的物质, 但这种情况下患者的抑制物质是无效的。 微小的晶体会随着尿流, 不会引起问题。 肾结石可能含有多种形式的盐,最常见的是钙,与磷酸盐或草酸结合。 这些盐是我们日常膳食摄入量和需求的重要组成部分。 其他类型的石头是鸟粪石 (感染引起), 尿酸结石和胱氨酸结石。

肾结石疾病在男性中更常见尤其是那些属于 20-40岁年龄层的人。 肾结石形成的可能原因:

  • 喝太少水
  • 太多或太少运动
  • 肥胖
  • 减肥手术
  • 摄入过多的盐
  • 传染病
  • 摄入过多的果糖
  • 家族史的肾结石
  • 某些药物和/或补充
  • 代谢性疾病如痛风 (多余的尿酸), 甲状旁腺功能亢进, 胱氨酸尿症 (遗传病), 和高草酸尿症(遗传病)
 也都是结石形成的常见原因
症状

痛苦和/或难以排尿

如果石头够大, 无法通过尿液排出, 会完全阻止
出口

尿液中含血液

极度疼痛处石造成的刺激

泌尿道感染

这不是一种肾脏疾病, 而是泌尿系统疾病。 但是如果不及时治疗, 可能导致肾脏感染, 引起永久性的肾损害。 它是最常见的感染, 仅次于上呼吸道感染 (普通咳嗽和感冒)。 女性特别容易感染上泌尿道感染。这是由于一个女人的尿道 (连接膀胱和外部世界的尿管) 要短得多, 非常接近阴道的开口。

尿通常是无菌的。 当微生物 (通常是肠道内的细菌) 附着于尿道, 并开始繁殖时, 会发生感染。 它可能仍然局限于下尿路 (尿道和膀胱), 或移高,涉及肾脏。也有生物体造成这种情况被传播。 在一些情况下,一个人会有更高的风险得到尿路感染, 如糖尿病、需要尿导管的人、异常的尿路、尿流阻碍 (大前列腺或结石)。 妊娠妇女泌尿生殖道感染也很常见。

症状

排尿困难

热和恶臭的尿液

尿液中含血液

发热(有时有畏寒)

痛下腹部

小便次数增加

恶心和/或呕吐

背痛

止痛性肾病

止痛药是非常常见的药物, 用来缓解不同或任何种类的疼痛。 您可以从医生处方或直接从购物架买到。适当服用它通常是安全的, 但滥用止痛药可能对肾脏有害。 某些情况下, 虽然药物服用正确, 但仍会导致急性肾衰竭。

止痛性肾病是一种慢性肾脏病, 因长期服用止痛药 (通常为数年) 所导致的。 任何慢性疼痛综合征, 如关节炎和头痛, 都可能与持续服用止痛药有关。 并不是所有类型的止痛药都能引起止痛性肾病。 止痛性肾病可能导致肾衰竭, 病人因此需要洗肾或接受肾脏移植以维持生命。

症状

尿液中含有血丝

尿液中有泡沫

呕吐

没有胃口

体虚、贫血、脸色苍白

肿胀

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FAQ

General Enquiries

As there are limited car park lots available at NKF Centre visitors may need to park at the nearby HDB car parks in the vicinity.

NKF HQ Mondays –Thursdays
Fridays
PH / Weekends
8.30am –6.00pm
8.30am –5.00pm
Closed
Dialysis Centres Mondays –Saturdays
Sundays
PH
7.00am –11.00pm
Closed
7.00am –11.00pm

We are open on most public holidays except for the 1st day of Chinese New Year.

NKF does not provide ad hoc dialysis treatment. Our patients are on long-term dialysis treatment. You may wish to check with private dialysis centres for ad hoc dialysis treatments.

NKF does not have an outpatient clinic and hence, we are unable to arrange an appointment for members of the public. You may wish to contact a hospital of your choice for outpatient service.

Currently, NKF does not provide health report interpretation service. You may consult your General Practitioner who will be able to assist you.

Someone with kidney failure may not experience any signs and symptoms until it is too late. It is best to do a routine health screening to understand your health status better and detect any abnormalities as early as possible so that you can delay and manage the disease progression.

To know about the signs and symptoms please click here to learn more.

Decreased urination Swollen hands and ankles Sleep disturbances
Blood in the urine (tea-coloured or fresh blood) Puffiness around the eyes High blood pressure
Nausea and vomiting Itching Loss of appetite

All dialysis centres operate on 3 dialysis shifts –morning, noon and evening.

Morning Noon Evening
7.00am –12.00pm 12.00pm – 6.00pm 6.00pm –11.00pm
Timing of your dialysis schedule may vary for each dialysis centres.
Schedules
Monday, Wednesday and Friday (1,3,5) OR Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday (2,4,6)

Admissions

Our Admissions Counsellor will contact you once your application is finalised. They will be in contact with you soon.

From the day we receive the application form, it will take approximately 3 working days to a week for us to get back to you if you have submitted all completed supporting documents together with your application form to us. Generally, the whole process will take 6 months for the approval.

The overall application review process will take approximately 6 months before the applicant can start the first dialysis treatment. However, if the applicant is able to provide all completed supporting documents and if there is a slot available at the dialysis centre with a right match to the time slot, the waiting time could be shorter.

Currently, we do not have status checking service online. NKF Admissions Counsellor will be in contact with the applicants regarding the status.

You may pick it up from the NKF main office at 81 Kim Keat Road, Singapore 328836 or call us at 6506 2187 to have the forms sent to you.

Means Test is used to determine the amount of subsidies each person needing care is eligible for. Persons from lower income households will be granted higher subsidies under the means test framework.

Means Test subsidies calculation is based in accordance to MOH guidelines.

Our NKF Admissions Counsellor in-charge will contact you in regards to your means test status.

The Medical Social Workers at your hospital will be able to advise you on the different type of subsidies based on your financial situation.

Kidney Live Donor Support Fund

For information on kidney donation in Singapore, you may wish to contact the National Organ Transplant Unit at Tel: 6321 4390 or email organ.transplant@notu.com.sg.

NKF’s Kidney Live Donor Support Fund covers annual health screenings and medical follow-ups; one-time reimbursement for loss of 2 months actual income of $8,500, whichever is lower: reimbursement of hospitalisation and surgical insurance premiums (capped at MediShield Life premiums); pre-transplant screening and evaluation costs for up to 2 potential donors per kidney recipient; and insurance coverage for Group Living. Policy based on sum insured of $200,000.

For more information and eligibility, please click here. 

Donation & Volunteering

You can make the donation through different platforms:

  1. For online donation: please visit https://nkfs.org/support-us/donation-programmes/
  2. Or you may like to issue a cheque made payable to “The National Kidney Foundation” or “NKF” and mail it to us at 81 Kim Keat Road, Singapore 328836.
  3. Alternatively, you may contact us at 1800-KIDNEYS (5436397) or email us at lifedrops@nkfs.org to send you the donation form.
  4. Road Singapore 328836.

Thank you for your generosity. The cheque should be issued to “The National Kidney Foundation” or “NKF”.

Thank you for bequeathing your CPF contributions to NKF. You can fill up the CPF nomination form which can be downloaded from the CPF website. NKF’s UEN is 200104750M.

Thank you for your generosity. You may like to visit the Ministry of Law’s website where you can find a list of lawyers based in Singapore. Please visit https://eservices.mlaw.gov.sg/lsra/search-lawyer-or-law-firm/

Our UEN/ Company Registration No. / GST Registration No. is 200104750M.

Please send us an email at lifedrops@nkfs.org or call us at 1800-KIDNEYS (5436397) and we will assist you accordingly.

You may email your new mailing address to lifedrops@nkfs.org , Please include your full name, contact number, old mailing address and UEN or NRIC/FIN (last 3 digits)

You may email us at lifedrops@nkfs.org to get the donation form. Please fill up your new GIRO/credit card number, donation amount and sign the form. Thereafter, post the GIRO form back to NKF for processing.

For credit card, you may wish to scan the form and send it to NKF via either of these options:

Email – lifedrops@nkfs.org

Fax – 6253 0417

Mail – 81 Kim Keat Road, Singapore 328836

Please email us at lifedrops@nkfs.org with your full name, UEN/NRIC/FIN and mailing address.

Please email us at lifedrops@nkfs.org to have the termination form sent to you. Please fill it up and send it back to us for processing and auditing purposes.

All outright cash donations to NKF are entitled to tax deduction because NKF is a registered charity with an IPC (Institutions of Public Character) status. We are able to issue tax deductible receipts for qualifying donations to our donors.

You are entitled to a tax deduction of 2.5 times the value of your donation in the preceding year.

You may sign up via our website at https://onlinereg.nkfs.org/vms/volunteerapplicationform.aspx.

If you do not have access to the internet, please call us at 1800-KIDNEYS (5436397) to have the application form sent to you. Please fill it up and send it back to us at 81 Kim Keat Road Singapore 328836.

Once we receive your application, our colleague from the Donor and Volunteer Management Department will contact you for a phone interview. After which, you will be invited to attend our volunteer orientation. This is to allow you to have a better understanding of the volunteering activities.

The minimum age is 13 years old. For volunteers who are below the age of 21, you will need to get parental consent. You may download the consent form here.

We strongly encourage our volunteers to commit at least a year so that we can better support our patients. Our programmes and activities are flexible, you can choose your volunteering schedule according to your interest and availability.

You may volunteer with us basing on your availability. We will send a weekly email to our volunteers indicating the up-coming volunteering opportunities. You can then match your availability to the activity schedule.

We have an array of volunteering activities to suit your interest and availability. To learn more about the volunteering activities we offer, please visit https://nkfs.org/support-us/volunteer-programmes/.

Anyone and everyone can join us as a volunteer. All applicants will be required to undergo a mandatory orientation session where you will gain insights into the Foundation’s cause, kidney disease as well as learn more about the volunteering activities we offer. Regular trainings are also conducted for all volunteers so that they can better perform their role.

Most definitely! We welcome schools, companies and community groups to volunteer with us as part of their Values In Action and Corporate Social Responsibility activities. Please get in touch with us on your interest by sending an email to volunteer@nkfs.org.

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Notice

Thank you for visiting our website.

Please be informed that our online donation portal will be temporarily unavailable on Tuesday, 17th December 2024, from 03:00 AM to 05:00 AM,
and
Saturday, 21st December 2024, from 11:00 PM
to Monday, 23rd December 2024, 05:00 AM

for maintenance.

If you have any donation inquiries during this time, please feel free to email us at lifedrops@nkfs.org.

We apologise for any inconvenience caused.