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Kegagalan Ginjal

Panduan Pemakanan Secara Bijak Bagi Pesakit CKD

Mempelajari cara-cara pemakanan yang sesuai adalah penting

Apabila fungsi ginjal mulai menurun, pesakit yang menghidapi penyakit ginjal kronik (CKD) perlu menyesuaikan diet mereka untuk mencegah pengumpulan sisa dan cecair yang berlebihan. Matlamatnya ialah untuk mengekalkan fungsi ginjal yang sedia ada dan untuk melambatkan perkembangan Penyakit Ginjal Kronik, terutamanya tahap 5 yang memerlukan dialisis atau pemindahan ginjal. Keperluan diet pesakit mungkin berbeza-beza dengan perkembangan penyakit ginjal mereka.

Peringatan:
Protein
  • Pesakit pra-dialisis memerlukan kurang protein berbanding dengan pesakit dialisis.

  • Ginjal yang terjejas masih dapat berfungsi pada tahap awal CKD. Namun, agak sukar bagi ginjal untuk membuang segala produk sisa daripada badan.

  • Pengambilan protein yang terlalu banyak menyebabkan ginjal bekerja secara berlebihan. Ini akan menyebabkan lebih banyak kerosakan kepada ginjal.

  • Pengambilan protein yang mencukupi dan tidak berlebihan dapat bantu memelihara fungsi ginjal serta mencegah tekanan tambahan pada ginjal. Pakar pemakanan atau doktor anda akan menasihati jumlah protein yang sesuai untuk diambil setiap hari.
Fosforus
  • Apabila keupayaan ginjal untuk menapis sisa-sisa produk semakin berkurang, paras fosfat dalam darah pula akan meningkat.

  • Paras fosfat yang berlebihan dalam darah boleh menyebabkan kegatalan pada kulit, sakit sendi, iritasi mata dan tulang yang lemah dan rapuh.

  • Pesakit pra-dialisis mungkin perlu mengehadkan pengambilan fosfat dalam makan mereka ketika Kadar Penapisan Glomerular (GFR) mereka menurun dan ujian darah menunjukkan paras fosfat yang lebih tinggi.

  • Elakkan makanan yang berfosfat tinggi seperti:
    • Sardin, ikan bilis dan belachan
    • Makanan yang telah diproses dan makanan dalam tin (seperti daging atau ikan, sosej, patti daging)
    • Produk tenusu (seperti susu, keju, yogurt).
    • Produk kekacang (pelbagai –jenis kekacang, bijian, sup kacang)
    • Minuman malt (seperti Milo, Horlicks, Ovaltine).
    • Coklat dan produk berkaitan
    • Daging organ (seperti hati, usus)
    • Sup berasaskan tulang (seperti kaki ayam dan tulang rusuk)
    • Minuman Cola
Kalium
  • Kalium ialah sejenis bahan mineral yang penting untuk fungsi saraf dan otot.
  • Paras kalium yang berlebihan dalam darah boleh menyebabkan kelemahan otot, kadar degupan jantung yang tidak normal dan dalam kes ekstrem, kegagalan jantung.
  • Keperluan kalium boleh diubah bergantung pada tahap CKD yang berbeza. Pesakit pra-dialisis perlu menyekat pengambilan kalium sekiranya ujian darah menunjukkan paras kalium dalam darah yang tinggi.
  • Elakkan makanan berkalium tinggi seperti:
    • Buah-buahan dan sayur-sayuran daripada kumpulan kalium tinggi.
    • Bijirin, roti dan biskut gandum.
    • Kekacang, bijian dan produk berkaitan (seperti coklat, mentega kacang).
    • Kelapa dan produk berkaitan (seperti santan, kaya).
    • Semua jus buah-buahan dan sayur-sayuran segar/ditinkan, minuman ubat herba, teh/kopi pekat minuman koko dan malt, susu, wain.
    • Gula perang, molase, sirap mapel, tofi, likuoris.
    • Pengganti garam kalium tinggi, sos botol, ekstrak daging dan sayur-sayuran, pati ayam, kiub stok.

Tip! Anda boleh mengurangkan kandungan kalium dalam sayur-sayuran dengan merendam sayur-sayuran yang telah dipotong kecil di dalam air selama 1 hingga 2 jam.

Natrium
  • Secara semula jadi, natrium terdapat dalam pelbagai jenis makanan dan selalu boleh didapati daripada makanan yang dibungkus dan diproses. Garam ialah salah satu sumber utama natrium.
  • Natrium akan menyebabkan anda rasa dahaga lalu merangsang agar minum air berlebihan. Akibatnya, berat badan bertambah kerana cecair yang berlebihan dan meningkatkan tekanan darah disamping menambah beban pada jantung.
  • Sekatan pengambilan natrium dalam penyakit ginjal membantu untuk mengekalkan keseimbangan cecair normal.

  • Tip-tip untuk mengurangkan pengambilan natrium:

    • Hadkan penggunaan garam/sos semasa memasak.
    • Elakkan penggunaan kiub stok, ekstrak daging dan sayur-sayuran seperti Bovril dan Marmite.
    • Elakkan pengambilan pati ayam yang berbotol.
    • Baca label pada makanan diproses dan pilihlah produk-produk yang mengandungi kandungan garam yang kurang daripada 120mg natrium bagi setiap 100g produk makanan tersebut.
    • Kurangkan pengambilan makanan dalam tin dan diproses. Jika anda masih ingin mengambilnya, buang air garamnya terlebih dahulu.
    • Gunakan herba segar dan rempah ratus untuk menggantikan garam/sos semasa memasak.
    • Gunakan limau segar, jus lemon atau cuka untuk menyedapkan lagi hidangan anda.

Penting! Pesakit ginjal hendaklah berhati-hati dengan pengganti garam kerana ia sering mengandungi kadar kalium yang tinggi. Sebaiknya, dapatkanlah nasihat daripada doktor anda atau pakar pemakanan sebelum menggunakannya.

Pengambilan Cecair
  • Pengambilan cecair pada umumnya tidak dihadkan pada tahap awal bagi pesakit CKD kecuali jika dinasihatkan oleh doktor ginjal mereka.

* Maklumat dan rekomendasi di atas adalah garis panduan umum, dan tidak boleh dianggap sebagai nasihat khusus untuk mana-mana individu. Sila dapatkan nasihat doktor anda atau penasihat penjagaan kesihatan yang lain untuk membuat keputusan kesihatan peribadi.

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FAQ

General Enquiries

As there are limited car park lots available at NKF Centre visitors may need to park at the nearby HDB car parks in the vicinity.

NKF HQ Mondays –Thursdays
Fridays
PH / Weekends
8.30am –6.00pm
8.30am –5.00pm
Closed
Dialysis Centres Mondays –Saturdays
Sundays
PH
7.00am –11.00pm
Closed
7.00am –11.00pm

We are open on most public holidays except for the 1st day of Chinese New Year.

NKF does not provide ad hoc dialysis treatment. Our patients are on long-term dialysis treatment. You may wish to check with private dialysis centres for ad hoc dialysis treatments.

NKF does not have an outpatient clinic and hence, we are unable to arrange an appointment for members of the public. You may wish to contact a hospital of your choice for outpatient service.

Currently, NKF does not provide health report interpretation service. You may consult your General Practitioner who will be able to assist you.

Someone with kidney failure may not experience any signs and symptoms until it is too late. It is best to do a routine health screening to understand your health status better and detect any abnormalities as early as possible so that you can delay and manage the disease progression.

To know about the signs and symptoms please click here to learn more.

Decreased urination Swollen hands and ankles Sleep disturbances
Blood in the urine (tea-coloured or fresh blood) Puffiness around the eyes High blood pressure
Nausea and vomiting Itching Loss of appetite

All dialysis centres operate on 3 dialysis shifts –morning, noon and evening.

Morning Noon Evening
7.00am –12.00pm 12.00pm – 6.00pm 6.00pm –11.00pm
Timing of your dialysis schedule may vary for each dialysis centres.
Schedules
Monday, Wednesday and Friday (1,3,5) OR Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday (2,4,6)

Admissions

Our Admissions Counsellor will contact you once your application is finalised. They will be in contact with you soon.

From the day we receive the application form, it will take approximately 3 working days to a week for us to get back to you if you have submitted all completed supporting documents together with your application form to us. Generally, the whole process will take 6 months for the approval.

The overall application review process will take approximately 6 months before the applicant can start the first dialysis treatment. However, if the applicant is able to provide all completed supporting documents and if there is a slot available at the dialysis centre with a right match to the time slot, the waiting time could be shorter.

Currently, we do not have status checking service online. NKF Admissions Counsellor will be in contact with the applicants regarding the status.

You may pick it up from the NKF main office at 81 Kim Keat Road, Singapore 328836 or call us at 6506 2187 to have the forms sent to you.

Means Test is used to determine the amount of subsidies each person needing care is eligible for. Persons from lower income households will be granted higher subsidies under the means test framework.

Means Test subsidies calculation is based in accordance to MOH guidelines.

Our NKF Admissions Counsellor in-charge will contact you in regards to your means test status.

The Medical Social Workers at your hospital will be able to advise you on the different type of subsidies based on your financial situation.

Kidney Live Donor Support Fund

For information on kidney donation in Singapore, you may wish to contact the National Organ Transplant Unit at Tel: 6321 4390 or email organ.transplant@notu.com.sg.

NKF’s Kidney Live Donor Support Fund covers annual health screenings and medical follow-ups; one-time reimbursement for loss of 2 months actual income of $8,500, whichever is lower: reimbursement of hospitalisation and surgical insurance premiums (capped at MediShield Life premiums); pre-transplant screening and evaluation costs for up to 2 potential donors per kidney recipient; and insurance coverage for Group Living. Policy based on sum insured of $200,000.

For more information and eligibility, please click here. 

Donation & Volunteering

You can make the donation through different platforms:

  1. For online donation: please visit https://nkfs.org/support-us/donation-programmes/
  2. Or you may like to issue a cheque made payable to “The National Kidney Foundation” or “NKF” and mail it to us at 81 Kim Keat Road, Singapore 328836.
  3. Alternatively, you may contact us at 1800-KIDNEYS (5436397) or email us at lifedrops@nkfs.org to send you the donation form.
  4. Road Singapore 328836.

Thank you for your generosity. The cheque should be issued to “The National Kidney Foundation” or “NKF”.

Thank you for bequeathing your CPF contributions to NKF. You can fill up the CPF nomination form which can be downloaded from the CPF website. NKF’s UEN is 200104750M.

Thank you for your generosity. You may like to visit the Ministry of Law’s website where you can find a list of lawyers based in Singapore. Please visit https://eservices.mlaw.gov.sg/lsra/search-lawyer-or-law-firm/

Our UEN/ Company Registration No. / GST Registration No. is 200104750M.

Please send us an email at lifedrops@nkfs.org or call us at 1800-KIDNEYS (5436397) and we will assist you accordingly.

You may email your new mailing address to lifedrops@nkfs.org , Please include your full name, contact number, old mailing address and UEN or NRIC/FIN (last 3 digits)

You may email us at lifedrops@nkfs.org to get the donation form. Please fill up your new GIRO/credit card number, donation amount and sign the form. Thereafter, post the GIRO form back to NKF for processing.

For credit card, you may wish to scan the form and send it to NKF via either of these options:

Email – lifedrops@nkfs.org

Fax – 6253 0417

Mail – 81 Kim Keat Road, Singapore 328836

Please email us at lifedrops@nkfs.org with your full name, UEN/NRIC/FIN and mailing address.

Please email us at lifedrops@nkfs.org to have the termination form sent to you. Please fill it up and send it back to us for processing and auditing purposes.

All outright cash donations to NKF are entitled to tax deduction because NKF is a registered charity with an IPC (Institutions of Public Character) status. We are able to issue tax deductible receipts for qualifying donations to our donors.

You are entitled to a tax deduction of 2.5 times the value of your donation in the preceding year.

You may sign up via our website at https://onlinereg.nkfs.org/vms/volunteerapplicationform.aspx.

If you do not have access to the internet, please call us at 1800-KIDNEYS (5436397) to have the application form sent to you. Please fill it up and send it back to us at 81 Kim Keat Road Singapore 328836.

Once we receive your application, our colleague from the Donor and Volunteer Management Department will contact you for a phone interview. After which, you will be invited to attend our volunteer orientation. This is to allow you to have a better understanding of the volunteering activities.

The minimum age is 13 years old. For volunteers who are below the age of 21, you will need to get parental consent. You may download the consent form here.

We strongly encourage our volunteers to commit at least a year so that we can better support our patients. Our programmes and activities are flexible, you can choose your volunteering schedule according to your interest and availability.

You may volunteer with us basing on your availability. We will send a weekly email to our volunteers indicating the up-coming volunteering opportunities. You can then match your availability to the activity schedule.

We have an array of volunteering activities to suit your interest and availability. To learn more about the volunteering activities we offer, please visit https://nkfs.org/support-us/volunteer-programmes/.

Anyone and everyone can join us as a volunteer. All applicants will be required to undergo a mandatory orientation session where you will gain insights into the Foundation’s cause, kidney disease as well as learn more about the volunteering activities we offer. Regular trainings are also conducted for all volunteers so that they can better perform their role.

Most definitely! We welcome schools, companies and community groups to volunteer with us as part of their Values In Action and Corporate Social Responsibility activities. Please get in touch with us on your interest by sending an email to volunteer@nkfs.org.

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Notice

Thank you for visiting our website.

Please be informed that our online donation portal will be temporarily unavailable on Tuesday, 17th December 2024, from 03:00 AM to 05:00 AM,
and
Saturday, 21st December 2024, from 11:00 PM
to Monday, 23rd December 2024, 05:00 AM

for maintenance.

If you have any donation inquiries during this time, please feel free to email us at lifedrops@nkfs.org.

We apologise for any inconvenience caused.