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Rawatan

Panduan Pemakanan Secara Bijak Bagi Pesakit Pemindahan Ginjal

Diet Yang Seimbang Adalah Penting

Diet yang sihat dan seimbang masih memainkan peranan penting dalam menjaga kesihatan secara menyeluruh dan membantu ginjal yang baru dipindahkan berfungsi dengan baik. Penerima ginjal perlu mengikut diet khas untuk jangka masa yang pendek setelah menjalani pembedahan pemindahan.

Pakar pemakanan akan membimbing penerima ginjal tentang apa yang perlu mereka lakukan serta merancang diet mengikuti keperluan mereka. Penerima ginjal mungkin mendapati bahawa cara diet ini adalah lebih mudah diikuti berbanding dengan diet hemodialisis kerana ginjal yang baru itu akan dapat membantu badan mengekalkan keseimbangan kalium dan fosfat yang sihat.

Berikut adalah beberapa panduan untuk menjaga kesihatan ginjal anda:

1. Mengekalkan Berat Badan Yang Sihat

  • Peningkatan berat badan selepas pemindahan ginjal adalah keadaan biasa.
  • Ramai pesakit mempunyai selera makan yang lebih baik setelah menjalani pemindahan kerana peningkatan kesejahteraan dan ubat steroid yang diambil.
  • Mengekalkan berat badan yang sihat dalam julat Indeks Jisim Badan (BMI)
    18.5 – 22.9kg /m2 dapat mengurangkan risiko terkena tekanan darah tinggi, masalah jantung, diabetes mellitus dan strok.
  • Menimbang berat badan secara berkala, kekal aktif dan berbincang dengan pakar diet jika perlu mengubah diet anda.

2. Pastikan Profil Lipid Anda Terkawal

  • Dislipidemia adalah kondisi biasa dalam kalangan penerima ginjal.
  • Peningkatan paras jumlah kolesterol, kolesterol lipoprotein berketumpatan rendah (LDL-kolesterol) dan trigliserida akan meningkatkan risiko masalah jantung.
Mengamalkan diet yang sihat untuk memastikan paras kolesterol darah anda terkawal untuk jantung yang sihat:

3. Pastikan Tekanan Darah Anda Terkawal

  • Sebilangan besar penerima ginjal masih perlu mengehadkan pengambilan natrium.
  • Ubat-ubatan transplan, terutamanya steroid, boleh menyebabkan tubuh menahan cecair dan pengambilan natrium yang tinggi boleh memburukkan lagi masalah ini.
  • Pengawalan tekanan darah sangat penting sebelum dan selepas pemindahan ginjal.
  • Hadkan pengambilan natrium anda, tidak melebihi 2000mg sehari.

Klik sini untuk untuk memuat turun risalah “Kurangkan Pengambilan Garam!” untuk maklumat lanjut.

4. Mengekalkan Tulang Yang Sihat

  • Penurunan kepadatan mineral dalam tulang akan berlaku dengan cepat pada peringkat awal pemindahan ginjal.
  • Penyerapan kalsium menurun kerana prednisone, hiperparatiroidisme, dan metabolisme vitamin D yang tidak normal. Oleh yang demikian, ini akan melemahkan tulang-tulang.
  • Terdapat peningkatan risiko kehilangan kepadatan tulang bagi wanita, terutama di kalangan wanita selepas menopaus.
  • Doktor akan memeriksa kepadatan tulang dan mencadangkan cara-cara terbaik untuk penerima ginjal terus menjaga tulang mereka. Antara cara-caranya ialah dengan mengambil suplemen, termasuk dua hidangan produk tenusu seperti susu rendah lemak, keju dan yogurt dalam diet harian.

Penting! Penerima ginjal tidak boleh memulakan pengambilan suplemen tanpa panduan kerana ia boleh menyebabkan masalah pada ginjal baru.

5. Pencegahan Anemia

  • Anemia boleh berlaku dalam kalangan penerima ginjal.
  • Diet yang kekurangan zat besi, zat folat dan/atau vitamin B12 boleh menyebabkan anemia.
  • Pencegahan serta pengurusan anemia penting dalam menjaga kesihatan dan mengurangkan risiko kematian.

6. Amalan Pemakanan Yang Selamat

  • Penerima ginjal lebih mudah terkena penyakit bawaan makanan seperti listeriosis kerana imun mereka terganggu.
  • Penerima ginjal harus mengikuti langkah-langkah keselamatan dalam pemakanan, misalnya mengurangkan penggunaan makanan mentah seperti ulam (salad), ikan mentah dan lain lain lagi.
  • Berbincang dengan pakar pemakana untuk mengetahui lebih lanjut tentang keselamatan makanan.

Soalan-Soalan Yang Sering Diajukan

Selepas pemindahan ginjal, penerima ginjal perlu mengikuti diet berprotein tinggi untuk membina tisu-tisu otot yang terjejas akibat dos steroid yang tinggi. Walau bagaimanapun, keperluan zat protein anda sama dengan individu yang sihat dalam beberapa bulan selepas pemindahan ginjal. Pakar pemakanan akan memberitahu anda tentang jumlah protein yang diperlukan untuk membantu anda dalam proses pemulihan.

Tidak ada batasan kalium untuk penerima ginjal selagi fungsi ginjal diterima itu berfungsi dengan baik. Walau bagaimanapun, beberapa ubatan pemindahan dapat meningkatkan paras kalium, sementara ubatan lain pula boleh menurunkannya. Sekiranya demikian, anda perlu mengubahsuai diet anda mengikut paras kalium darah anda. Pemantauan berkala adalah penting.

Bagi pesakit diabetes, mengikut diet yang sihat, mengambil ubatan diabetes (jika diperlukan) dan bersenam secara berkala adalah penting. Berbincang dengan doktor dan pakar pemakanan untuk memastikan diet dan gula darah anda terkawal dengan baik.

Buah limau gedang (grapefruit) mengandungi furanocoumarins, yang akan mengubah metabolisme ubatan seperti cyclosporine, tacrolimus, penghalang saluran kalsium dan statin. Oleh itu, penerima ginjal dinasihatkan untuk mengelak makan buah limau gedang dalam segala bentuk.

*Maklumat dan cadangan di atas adalah garis panduan umum dan tidak boleh dianggap sebagai nasihat khas untuk setiap individu. Sila berjumpa dan dapatkan nasihat doktor atau pakar kesihatan untuk membuat keputusan berkaitan dengan kesihatan anda.

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FAQ

General Enquiries

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NKF HQ Mondays –Thursdays
Fridays
PH / Weekends
8.30am –6.00pm
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Closed
Dialysis Centres Mondays –Saturdays
Sundays
PH
7.00am –11.00pm
Closed
7.00am –11.00pm

We are open on most public holidays except for the 1st day of Chinese New Year.

NKF does not provide ad hoc dialysis treatment. Our patients are on long-term dialysis treatment. You may wish to check with private dialysis centres for ad hoc dialysis treatments.

NKF does not have an outpatient clinic and hence, we are unable to arrange an appointment for members of the public. You may wish to contact a hospital of your choice for outpatient service.

Currently, NKF does not provide health report interpretation service. You may consult your General Practitioner who will be able to assist you.

Someone with kidney failure may not experience any signs and symptoms until it is too late. It is best to do a routine health screening to understand your health status better and detect any abnormalities as early as possible so that you can delay and manage the disease progression.

To know about the signs and symptoms please click here to learn more.

Decreased urination Swollen hands and ankles Sleep disturbances
Blood in the urine (tea-coloured or fresh blood) Puffiness around the eyes High blood pressure
Nausea and vomiting Itching Loss of appetite

All dialysis centres operate on 3 dialysis shifts –morning, noon and evening.

Morning Noon Evening
7.00am –12.00pm 12.00pm – 6.00pm 6.00pm –11.00pm
Timing of your dialysis schedule may vary for each dialysis centres.
Schedules
Monday, Wednesday and Friday (1,3,5) OR Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday (2,4,6)

Admissions

Our Admissions Counsellor will contact you once your application is finalised. They will be in contact with you soon.

From the day we receive the application form, it will take approximately 3 working days to a week for us to get back to you if you have submitted all completed supporting documents together with your application form to us. Generally, the whole process will take 6 months for the approval.

The overall application review process will take approximately 6 months before the applicant can start the first dialysis treatment. However, if the applicant is able to provide all completed supporting documents and if there is a slot available at the dialysis centre with a right match to the time slot, the waiting time could be shorter.

Currently, we do not have status checking service online. NKF Admissions Counsellor will be in contact with the applicants regarding the status.

You may pick it up from the NKF main office at 81 Kim Keat Road, Singapore 328836 or call us at 6506 2187 to have the forms sent to you.

Means Test is used to determine the amount of subsidies each person needing care is eligible for. Persons from lower income households will be granted higher subsidies under the means test framework.

Means Test subsidies calculation is based in accordance to MOH guidelines.

Our NKF Admissions Counsellor in-charge will contact you in regards to your means test status.

The Medical Social Workers at your hospital will be able to advise you on the different type of subsidies based on your financial situation.

Kidney Live Donor Support Fund

For information on kidney donation in Singapore, you may wish to contact the National Organ Transplant Unit at Tel: 6321 4390 or email organ.transplant@notu.com.sg.

NKF’s Kidney Live Donor Support Fund covers annual health screenings and medical follow-ups; one-time reimbursement for loss of 2 months actual income of $8,500, whichever is lower: reimbursement of hospitalisation and surgical insurance premiums (capped at MediShield Life premiums); pre-transplant screening and evaluation costs for up to 2 potential donors per kidney recipient; and insurance coverage for Group Living. Policy based on sum insured of $200,000.

For more information and eligibility, please click here. 

Donation & Volunteering

You can make the donation through different platforms:

  1. For online donation: please visit https://nkfs.org/support-us/donation-programmes/
  2. Or you may like to issue a cheque made payable to “The National Kidney Foundation” or “NKF” and mail it to us at 81 Kim Keat Road, Singapore 328836.
  3. Alternatively, you may contact us at 1800-KIDNEYS (5436397) or email us at lifedrops@nkfs.org to send you the donation form.
  4. Road Singapore 328836.

Thank you for your generosity. The cheque should be issued to “The National Kidney Foundation” or “NKF”.

Thank you for bequeathing your CPF contributions to NKF. You can fill up the CPF nomination form which can be downloaded from the CPF website. NKF’s UEN is 200104750M.

Thank you for your generosity. You may like to visit the Ministry of Law’s website where you can find a list of lawyers based in Singapore. Please visit https://eservices.mlaw.gov.sg/lsra/search-lawyer-or-law-firm/

Our UEN/ Company Registration No. / GST Registration No. is 200104750M.

Please send us an email at lifedrops@nkfs.org or call us at 1800-KIDNEYS (5436397) and we will assist you accordingly.

You may email your new mailing address to lifedrops@nkfs.org , Please include your full name, contact number, old mailing address and UEN or NRIC/FIN (last 3 digits)

You may email us at lifedrops@nkfs.org to get the donation form. Please fill up your new GIRO/credit card number, donation amount and sign the form. Thereafter, post the GIRO form back to NKF for processing.

For credit card, you may wish to scan the form and send it to NKF via either of these options:

Email – lifedrops@nkfs.org

Fax – 6253 0417

Mail – 81 Kim Keat Road, Singapore 328836

Please email us at lifedrops@nkfs.org with your full name, UEN/NRIC/FIN and mailing address.

Please email us at lifedrops@nkfs.org to have the termination form sent to you. Please fill it up and send it back to us for processing and auditing purposes.

All outright cash donations to NKF are entitled to tax deduction because NKF is a registered charity with an IPC (Institutions of Public Character) status. We are able to issue tax deductible receipts for qualifying donations to our donors.

You are entitled to a tax deduction of 2.5 times the value of your donation in the preceding year.

You may sign up via our website at https://onlinereg.nkfs.org/vms/volunteerapplicationform.aspx.

If you do not have access to the internet, please call us at 1800-KIDNEYS (5436397) to have the application form sent to you. Please fill it up and send it back to us at 81 Kim Keat Road Singapore 328836.

Once we receive your application, our colleague from the Donor and Volunteer Management Department will contact you for a phone interview. After which, you will be invited to attend our volunteer orientation. This is to allow you to have a better understanding of the volunteering activities.

The minimum age is 13 years old. For volunteers who are below the age of 21, you will need to get parental consent. You may download the consent form here.

We strongly encourage our volunteers to commit at least a year so that we can better support our patients. Our programmes and activities are flexible, you can choose your volunteering schedule according to your interest and availability.

You may volunteer with us basing on your availability. We will send a weekly email to our volunteers indicating the up-coming volunteering opportunities. You can then match your availability to the activity schedule.

We have an array of volunteering activities to suit your interest and availability. To learn more about the volunteering activities we offer, please visit https://nkfs.org/support-us/volunteer-programmes/.

Anyone and everyone can join us as a volunteer. All applicants will be required to undergo a mandatory orientation session where you will gain insights into the Foundation’s cause, kidney disease as well as learn more about the volunteering activities we offer. Regular trainings are also conducted for all volunteers so that they can better perform their role.

Most definitely! We welcome schools, companies and community groups to volunteer with us as part of their Values In Action and Corporate Social Responsibility activities. Please get in touch with us on your interest by sending an email to volunteer@nkfs.org.

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